Textile Glossary · Process · Surface Finishing
Bio-Polish
Bio-polishing uses cellulase enzymes to remove protruding surface fibres from cotton fabric, creating a cleaner, smoother surface with reduced pilling tendency — without chemicals.
Understanding the Term
Enzymes that improve cotton at the surface.
After knitting and dyeing, cotton fabric has millions of tiny fibres protruding from the surface. These micro-fibres are the primary cause of pilling and give new fabric a slightly fuzzy appearance. Bio-polishing removes them.
The process uses cellulase enzymes — biological catalysts that break down cellulose. Applied in controlled conditions (specific pH, temperature, and duration), the enzymes selectively digest the loose surface fibres without damaging the structural yarn beneath.
The result is a permanently smoother surface. Unlike mechanical cropping (which cuts fibres and leaves stubs that pill later), enzymatic treatment removes fibre at the root. The smoothness is structural and lasting.
Why It Matters
How bio-polish transforms the fabric surface.
The biological finishing step most brands skip.
01
Pill Prevention
Removing loose surface fibres eliminates the raw material for pills. Bio-polished fabric starts with a dramatically lower pilling potential.
02
Smoother Hand Feel
The defuzzed surface feels cleaner and more refined. The difference is subtle but unmistakable when you compare treated and untreated side by side.
03
Cleaner Appearance
Bio-polished fabric has a crisp, lint-free surface that stays cleaner longer. Colours appear more vivid without surface fuzz diffusing the light.
Our Standard
Every batch, bio-polished.
Our Supima fabric undergoes controlled cellulase treatment after dyeing. We calibrate enzyme concentration, temperature, and duration for each colour to ensure consistent results without over-treatment. The goal is a clean surface, not an aggressive strip — we remove fuzz, not strength.
100%
Bio-Polished
Every batch treated before garment construction
Related Terms
Explore more textile terminology.
See how Supima compares:
Common Questions
Bio-polish — your questions, answered.
Understanding enzymatic surface treatment.
When controlled properly, weight loss is under 5% and tensile strength reduction is negligible. Over-treatment is a risk, which is why we calibrate precisely for each colour and batch.
See It in Practice
Enzyme-polished surface.
Smooth from day one.
The finishing that most brands consider optional. We consider it essential.
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